This subtopic continues the work on organic chemistry introduced in Stage 1 subtopic 3.3, and discussion of physical properties throughout this topic draws on concepts introduced in Stage 1 subtopics 2.2, 3.2, and 4.1.

Organic compounds can be represented by molecular and structural formulae.

• Determine the molecular formula of an organic compound given its extended, condensed, or skeletal structural formula.

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Organic compounds: Definition and examples

Molecular formula: Definition and examples

Video: Empirical, molecular, and structural formula

Organic compounds are named systematically to provide unambiguous identification.

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Animated notes (summary)

Official naming rules

PPTs: numbering | groups

Reference sheet: Functional groups

Videos: drawing | naming

Practice programs: Naming | Drawing (choose Alkane)

Tool: Draw from name

Condensation reactions occur when two organic molecules combine to form a larger molecule, also releasing another small molecule, such as water.

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Definition and examples

PPTs: esterification and hydrolysis

Video

The physical properties of organic compounds are influenced by the molar masses of the molecules, and the number and polarity of functional groups.

• Predict, explain, and compare the melting points, boiling points, and solubilities in water and in non-polar solvents of organic compounds, given their structural formulae.

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Videos: Melting/boiling point | Solubility